Based on the traditional axiology of one single production factor (labor), the book extends value creation from production only to the entire process of production, exchange, and distribution, and created a general theory of value. While incorporating the neoclassical marginal productivity theory into the general theory of value, the author adopted a quantitative approach and established a complete general axiological system that includes value determination both by products and by production factors. With reference to neoclassical theory of value and Sraffa’s theory of value and through methods of average analysis and marginal analysis, the author contributes to the development of Marxist axiology of labor, provides a value basis for the distribution system to allow factors of production to have a rightful share according to their respective contribution, and puts forward a necessary theoretical basis for the protection of non-labor income and private properties in China.