The concept of “mean and harmony”, which dominates the traditional Chinese culture, enjoys a time-honored history. Today, it is still recognized and followed by the Chinese people when dealing with human-nature, human-society, and human-human relations. The concept has profoundly influenced the values and code of conduct of the Chinese nation and shaped the spirit and temperament of the Chinese nation. Throughout the history of Chinese culture, it has been incorporated into such fields as Chinese poetry, music, calligraphy, novels, operas, and architecture, thus becoming a core concept of Chinese aesthetics. The book attempts to recover the history, review the theories, and explore the significance of the aesthetics of mean and harmony, with an aim to construct a localized and integral theoretical system.