This book is an important achievement of the "Pan-Third Pole Environment Study for a Green Silk Road (Pan-TPE) by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and is jointly authored by dozens of researchers. Firstly, the book systematically reveals the resource and environmental bases and socio-economic characteristics of the regions along the Belt and Road in terms of their resource and environmental carrying capacity, mineral and oil and gas resources, natural disasters, ecosystems, etc. Secondly, the book analyzes the technical support for the construction of the Green Silk Road through four case studies, namely the management of the Aral Sea, construction of the China-Kazakhstan Project on Ecological Barrier along the Silk Road Economic Belt, control of frozen soil in the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline, and the construction of a "global onion garden" in Uzbekistan. It is richly illustrated and is an important reference document for scientific understanding of the regions along the route and exploring their green development paths. It also aims to provide decision-making support for the construction of the "Belt and Road" through these results.